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Poster De Conférence Année : 2023

What can really do EPR retrospective dosimetry? Feedback experience on 25 years of radiological accident management

Résumé

The aim here is to provide a feedback on more than 25 years of EPR dosimetry in the management of victims of radiological accidents and to draw the main lessons learnt. Different types of materials can be considered for EPR: biological materials from biopsies or surgical waste (bone tissue, dental enamel, nails) or materials worn by the victim (tissue, polymers, glass, sugars, etc.). In a very counter-intuitive way, the most used materials are not those with the best dosimetric properties or those that are the easiest to sample, but simply those that are the most available. Thus, bone tissue, even if the sampling is very invasive, the detection limit is high (a few Gy) with a high variability and a lack of standardisation of the protocols, has been by far the most used and relevant material. Indeed, the dose distribution is always heterogeneous and many cases present partial or localised irradiations at very high doses of a few tens of Gy up to a maximum of 1900 Gy. In these cases, the whole body dose is not the most relevant data and it is indeed the dose distribution and the maximum dose that is sought. In the absence of any other means of dosimetry, when an estimate by simulation is impossible, a sample of bone tissue may be perfectly justified, either to estimate the dose to the surrounding tissue or to estimate the possibility of necrosis of the bone during irradiation with photon energies below 100 keV. Another important lesson is that the samples are available in the best of cases, weeks after the accident. Dedicating resources to develop dosimetry techniques that can be used in limited time slots (for example <24-48 hrs) due to the unstable nature of radiation-induced signals is therefore not relevant, as is the study of materials because it has greater sensitivity. The availability of materials is the main criterion with the stability of the signal. We were also given the opportunity to use materials never studied before, which required us to develop a measurement approach in an emergency. Similarly, the pre-established protocols have rarely been useful, the materials very often presenting very different characteristics requiring the procedures to be adapted in real time. The success of the expertise carried out is more linked to the adaptivity and responsiveness of the teams acquired over time than to a framework of extensive standardization.
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Dates et versions

irsn-04207609 , version 1 (14-09-2023)

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Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

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Francois Trompier. What can really do EPR retrospective dosimetry? Feedback experience on 25 years of radiological accident management. The 17th International Congress for Radiation Research (ICRR), Aug 2023, Montréal (Canada (QC)), Canada. , 2023, ⟨10.13140/RG.2.2.10735.41122⟩. ⟨irsn-04207609⟩

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